Repeating firearm.



C. G. SWEBlLlUS & H. T. R. HANITZ.

REPEATING FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19. 1915.

1, 147,659. Patented July 20, 1915.

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CARL GUSTAF SWEBILIUS AND HANS T. R. HANITZ, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE MARLIN FIREARMS COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CQNNECTICUT,

A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

REPEATING FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented July 20,1915.

Application filed February 19, 1915. Serial N 0. 9,47 6.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CARL Gr. SwEBrLrUs and HANS T. R. HANITZ, a citizen of the United States and a subject of the German Emperor, respectively, residing at New Haven, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Repeating Firearms, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description.

This invention relates to repeating firearms and is primarily an improvement in that type of a firearm shown and described in our former Patent No. 1,110,837, dated September 15, 1914:.

The present improvement relates to a safety appliance the function and purpose of which is to guarantee the safe operation of the firearm.

Specifically the invention relates to a looking mechanism which prevents the operator from reloading the firearm by anything less than the predesigned movement of the breech mechanism, such a degree of movement being necessary in order to guarantee the certain operation of the various safety appliances.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is in the main a vertical longitudinal section of the re ceiver and associated parts, some of the breech mechanism being shown in side elevation, the various breech parts standing in the position in which they appear when the gun is loaded readv for firing. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the parts in a different position. Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in section of the stock portion and the lower part of the receiver. Figs. 4 and 5 are views of details. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the forward part of the breechblock.

Since all of the various parts of the firearm are substantially as set forth and de scribed in our above referred to patent, to which reference is made for a fuller description than herein contained, it is only necessary for the purposes of this case to refer to the various parts in a general way, de voting the detailed description to the par ticular improvement which characterizes the present invention.

1 represents the main body of the receiver; 2 a barrel projecting forwardly therefrom; 3 the lower part of the receiver which is attached to the stock portion 4. The part 3 carries the trigger guard 5, trigger 6, hammer 7 and the safety sear 15 by which the hammer is held cocked until the gun is locked up ready for firing, and by which the action rod 8 is held in its forward position until the hammer has descended. This safety sear, as in our former patent, comprises the bar 15 having the laterally extending nose 35 at its forward end and having a lateral offset 43 near its rear end, the rear end terminating in the tail or extension 36. The forward nose 35 bears against the under side of the action rod 8, which is provided with a notch 40 into which the forward nose 35 projects when the action rod is advanced, so that'the end walls of the recess 40 may engage and shift the safety sear.

10 is the reciprocating breech-block such as shown and described in our former patent. When this breech-block is fully retracted, as shown in Fig. 2 herein, it overcocks the hammer 7 so that the depending forward part of the breech-block will strike against the lateral extension 43 of the safety sear shifting it so that'this sear extension 43 will be moved under a secondary shoulder on the hub of the hammer 7, as shown in said Fig. 2. When the breech-block 10 is again advanced the hammer will ascend slightly until the secondary shoulder engages upon the lateral extension 43 which holds the hammer in a slightly overcooked position until the breech-block has been fully advanced and the breech-block locked. The last part of the forward movement of the action rod 8 disengages the safety sear from the hammer; thatis to say, the nose 35 of said safety device is projected into the notch 40 in the under side of the action rod, so that the last partial movement of the said rod in the forward direction will pull the bar 15 ahead slightly disengaging the shoulder 43 from the hub of the hammer which latter then ascends slightly until it is checked by the engagement of the trigger 6 against the trigger shoulder on the hub of the hammer. The hammer may now be released by simply pulling the trigger, all of the parts being effectively locked. Before the trigger is pulled it is impossible to move the action rod 8 back because of the presence of the nose 35 of the safety device in the notch 40, hence the gun cannot be accidentally unlocked before the hammer has descended. The descent of the hammer tilts the safety device 15 and withdraws the nose 35 from the notch 40 in the action rod,

whereupon the latter may be moved rear- 'wardly to retract the breech-block for the block.

In the preferred form of our present invention we provide what may be termed a breech-block latch 16 which is preferably pivoted at 17 in the receiver and is provided with a hooked nose 18 at its forward end,

the forward side of said nose being tapered or inclined. This latch 16 also has a shoulder portion 19 intermediate its length.

20 is a springwhich serves to normally press the latch into operative position.

This latch projects through a recess 21 in the lower side of the lateral oflfset 43 of the safety sear.

Theoperation is as follows: When the breech-block 10 is moved back from the position shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose of unloading and loading the gun, the lower extension of the breech-block rides over the incline at the front of the nose 18 depressing the latch. If the breech-block is not moved back to the predetermined extent the latch nose 18 will engage the shoulder 11 on the lower part of the breech-block and prevent the operator from moving it ahead, indicating at once to the operator that he has not pulled back on the action rod sufficiently to cause the various parts of the breech mechanism to be properly set. He thereupon pulls back on the action rod until the breech-blockhas moved rearwardly to the predetermined extent. The last part of rearward movement of the breech-block causes the offset 43 to move into the safety position to hold the hammer in the overcooked position, and this same movement causes the part 43 to move over the shoulder 19 on the latch 16 which at this time is being held depressed by the part 12 of the breechblock. Since the latch is now held down the breech-block may now be advanced at the proper time. When the breech-block has been again fully advanced the last partial forward movement, of the action rod moves the safety sear 15 ahead, as before described, and not only frees the part 43 from the hammerto permit it to descend on to the triggenbut it also simultaneously frees the latch 16, allowing it to again move into operative position (Fig. 1) under the in fluence of the spring 20, wherein said nose 18 again stands ready toengage the breechblock as before described should the next succeeding rearward breech-block be less than that set the various parts.

It will be understood of course that the invention disclosed herein may bemodified in a variety of ways as to its construction and mode of operation, the form illustrated and described herein being merely the preferred form. y

What we claim is:

1. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism including a hammer, a breech block, a firing pin carried'thereby, with vmeans to move said breech block back and forth to a predetermined extent, said breech block benecessary to ing arranged to cock the hammer, with means for engaging the breech blockwhile on its rearward movement and when in an intermediate position for preventing the full forward movement of said block after it has passed said intermediate position and until it has fully cocked said hammer.

.2. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism including a hammer, a breech block, a firing pin carried thereby, with means to move said breech block back and forth to a predetermined extent, said breech block being arranged to cook the hammer, with safety means arranged to hold said hammer cocked until the breech block has been again fully advanced with means for engaging the breech block While on its rearward movement and at an intermediate position for preventing the full forward movement of said breech block after it has passed said intermediate position and until said safety means has been set to hold the hammer.'

3. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cooked by the breech-block on its rearward movement, a hammer safety sear arranged to be shifted into a hammerengaging position by the movement of said breech-block, and means to check the movement of said breech-block in the event the latter is moved back a distance less than required to cock the hammer and set said safety sear in said hammer-engaging position.

4:. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cooked thereby, a safety sear for said hammer arranged to be set in a v hammer-engaging position by the movement of the breech-block, said sear being disengaged from said hammer upon completion of the last part of the forward movement of said breechblock, with means to check the movement of the breech-block in the movement of the event it has not been moved to a suflicient extent to set said safety sear in the hammerengaging position.

5. I11 a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breechblock arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cooked thereby, a safety sear for said hammer arranged to be set in a hammer-engaging position by the movement of the breechblock, said sear being disengaged from said hammer upon completion of the last part of the forward movement of said breech-block, with means to check the movement of the breech-block in the event it has not been moved to a sufficient extent to set said safety sear in the hammer-engaging position, said means comprising a movable latch.

6. In a repeating firearm, a receiver, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cocked thereby, a safety sear for said hammer arranged to be set in a hammer-engaging position by the movement of the breech-block, said sear being disengaged from said hammer upon completion of the last part of the forward movement of said breech-block, with means to check the movement of the breech-block in the event it has not been moved to a suflicient extent to set said safety sear in the hammer-engaging position, said means comprising a movable latch pivotally mounted in said receiver.

7. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cocked thereby, a safety sear for said hammer arranged to be set in a hammer-engaging position by the movement of the breech-block, said sear being disengaged from said hammer upon completion of the last part of the forward movement of said breech-block, with means to check the movement of the breech-block in the event it has not been moved to a suflicient extent to set said safety sear in the hammer-engaging position, said means comprising a movable latch, said latch being arranged to be operated by said block when the latter is moved in one direction and to also engage said block when the latter is moved in the opposite direction, with means to hold said latch in a position to leave the breech-block free to be moved ahead in the event the hammer is cocked and the safety sear set in the hammer-engaging position.

8. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be cooked thereby, a safety sear for said hammer arranged to be set in a hammerengaging position by the movement of the breech-block, said sear being disengaged from said hammer upon completion of the last part of the forward movement of said breech-block, with means to check the movement of the breech-block in the event it has not been moved to a suflicient extent to set said safety sear in the hammer-engaging position, said means comprising a movable latch, said latch being arranged to be operated by said block when the latter is moved in one direction and to also engage said block when the latter is moved in the opposite direction, with means to hold said latch in a position to leave the breech-block free to be moved ahead in the event the hammer is cocked and the safety sear set in the hammer engaging position, said latch-holding means being associated with said safety sear.

9. In a repeating firearm, breech mecha nism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be mechanically cocked, a hammer safety sear arranged to be set in hammerengaging position by the movement of the breech-block, a breech-block engaging latch arranged to engage said breech-block near the end of its backward movement and to prevent the forward movement of the latter in the event said safety sear is not set in its hammer-engaging position.

10. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be mechanically cocked, a hammer safety sear arranged to be set in hammerengaging position by the movement of the breech-block, a breech-block engaging latch arranged to engage said breech-block near the end of its backward movement and to prevent the forward movement of the latter in the event said safety sear is not set in its hammer-engaging position, said latch being mounted independently of said breech-block.

11. In a repeating firearm, breech mechanism, including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth, a hammer arranged to be mechanically cocked, a hammer safety sear arranged to beset in hammerengaging position by the movement of the breechblock, a breech-block engaging latch arranged to engage said breech-block near the end of its backward movement and to prevent the forward movement of the latter in the event said safety sea-r is not set in its hammer-engaging position, said sear cooperating with said latch to hold the latter out of its breech-block engaging position when said safety sear is set in the hammer-engaging position.

12. In a repeating firearm, a receiver, an action rod arranged to have a predetermined reciprocation, breech mechanism within the receiver including a breech-block arranged to be moved back and forth by said action rod, a hammer arranged to be mechanically cocked, a hammer safety sear arranged to be mechanically set in hammerengaging position by the reciprocation of the action rod, means to check the advance of the action rod in the event said safety sear is not set in its hammer-engaging position by the reciprocation of said rod, means to hold said checking means out of its operative checking position after the safety sear has been set in its hammer-engaging position to permit the action rod to be advanced, and means'to disengage said safety sear from CARL GUSTAF SWEBILIUS. HANS T. R. HANITZ.

Witnesses:

JOHN F. MORAN, CLIFFORD B. WALKER.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommissionen of Patents.

' Washington, D. 0. 

